prostatitis

15 November 2026

Prostatitis is a disease of the prostate gland (prostate), which develops as a result of inflammatory changes in it.According to statistics, the prevalence of the disease reaches 35-50% and is found in men aged 20-40 years.

species

There are 4 forms of prostatitis:

acute (bacterial);
chronic bacterial;
chronic nonbacterial;
asymptomatic chronic.

Acute prostatitis is very rare due to the rapid course of the inflammatory process and the immediate transition to the chronic stage (false improvement).

Chronic non-bacterial prostatitis, otherwise known as chronic pelvic pain syndrome, can be inflammatory (with an increased content of leukocytes in the urine and ejaculate) and non-inflammatory in nature.

Reasons

The cause of acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis are pathogenic microorganisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi).The most common sources of inflammation are:

cars;
streptococci;
staphylococci;
Proteus;
Klebsiella;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases (chlamydia, mycoplasma, gonococci, trichomonas, cytomegalovirus and others).

Most microorganisms are found in the intestines, on the skin, but when they get into the prostate tissue, they cause an inflammatory process.As a rule, the cause of the disease is not a single pathogen, but an association of several types of microbes.

The development of chronic prostatitis can be caused by the following factors:

accompanying diseases of the excretory system (cystitis, pyelonephritis);
sedentary lifestyle ("sedentary" work);
tendency to constipation;
weakening of the body's defenses;
injuries;
hormonal imbalance;
alcohol abuse and smoking;
promiscuity;
irregular sex life (long-term abstinence);
interrupted intercourse;
irregular emptying of the bladder;
unsatisfied sexual desire;
chronic stress;
hypothermia;
the presence of carious teeth and other sources of chronic infection (for example, chronic tonsillitis).

Symptoms of prostatitis

Acute prostatitis is a very insidious disease.It is quite difficult to "catch" it, because, firstly, the process very quickly becomes chronic, and secondly, most patients prefer to "sit" the manifestations of acute prostatitis at home.Patients with inflammation of the prostate often consult a doctor in advanced cases with erectile dysfunction and other consequences.

The acute form of the disease occurs against the background of:

elevated temperature;
chills;
other signs of intoxication (weakness, lethargy, loss of appetite, etc.).

Inflammation of the prostate gland is accompanied by pain in the perineum, groin area and scrotum.

Painful and frequent urination is also characteristic.Sometimes a whitish purulent discharge can be seen in the urine.

In addition, the patient may notice the absence of night and morning erection, poor quality of erection during intimacy and a sharp shortening of sexual intercourse.

The typical symptoms of a urinary disorder appear: a weak stream of urine and frequent urges, although little urine is released.

Subsequently, in the absence of treatment, chronic prostatitis reaches its apogee: disorders of sexual function appear.For example:

insufficient erection or its absence;
painful erections, due to which the patient avoids sexual intercourse;
deletion of orgasm;
short intercourse;
painful ejaculation.

Chronic abacterial prostatitis accounts for 95% of all prostatitis;it mostly affects men around 30 years of age.It is characterized by constant or periodic pain in the pelvis, prostate and scrotum, without signs of inflammation in laboratory tests.The causes of the disease are not exactly established.

Diagnosis

In the diagnosis of acute and chronic prostatitis, in addition to the collection of complaints, history and examination of the patient, the following methods are used:

general analysis of blood and urine;
microscopic examination of prostate secretion and sowing it on a nutrient medium to identify the pathogen (the secretion is obtained after digital massage of the prostate gland through the rectum);
cytological examination of urine;
Ultrasound of the prostate and pelvic organs;
computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
smear from the urethra for microflora.

The differential diagnosis is aimed at differentiating prostatitis, prostate adenoma, prostate cancer and signs of stones in the prostate gland.

The complete list of diagnostic procedures and medications for the treatment of prostatitis is in the 2012 Federal Standard of Care.

Treatment of prostatitis

The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease may not run according to the textbook.Do not try to treat yourself - consult a doctor.Treatment of prostatitis is carried out by a urological surgeon.

The goal of etiotropic treatment aimed at eliminating the cause of prostatitis is the elimination of the pathogen.Depending on the identified cause, antibiotics, antiviral or antifungal drugs are prescribed.The duration of treatment for acute prostatitis is 7-10 days, for chronic process - 4-8 weeks.

To treat a bacterial infection are used: